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ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE

Principal Oriental College, University of the Punjab, Lahore
ISSN (print): 1991-7007
ISSN (online): 2789-4657

زبان اور بولی

  • Faiza But/
  • September 30, 2015
LANGUAGE AND DIALECT AN ANLYTICAL STUDY
Keywords
ارتقا، زبان، بولی، انگریزی، ہندی، بنگالی، سنسکرت، اردو، بھاسا، ملائشیا، انڈونیشیا
Abstract

In linguistics, one of the most difficult issues is how to draw a clear line between a language and a dialect. Dialects are mutually intelligible forms of a language which differ to one another in certain grammatical rules and pronunciations. This criterion works to a large extent but sometimes it is not easy to differentiate between the two and a clear cut distinction evades the researchers. An effort has been made to show the complexity of this issue and tried to solve it accordingly through the article.

 

References

(۱) فرمان فتح پوری ، ڈاکٹر : قومی زبان اور دیگر پاکستانی زبانیں ، اسلام آباد : مقتدرہ قومی زبان ، (۱۹۸۶ء)، ص ۵۔

(2) Baker, Anne E., Hengeveld, Kees: Linguistics, UK: Wiley-Blackwell publishing, (2012), p.361.

(3) Crystal, David: The Cambridge Encyclopedia Of Language (2nd Ed.), Islamabad: National book foundation, (1962), p.24.

(4) Crystal, David: A Dictionary Of Linguistics And Phonetics, USA:

 Blackwell publishing, (1997), p.217.

(5) Adrin Akmajian, Richard A. Demers, Ann K. Farmer, Robert M. Harnish: Linguistics (An Introduction to Language and Communication), New Delhi: PHI learning Private limited, (2012), p.278.

(6) Linguistics, p.365.

(7) Pei, Mario: The Story Of Language, New York: The New American Library,(1965), p.51.

(8) Linguistics, p.364.

(9) The Story of Language, p.51.

(10) Linguistics (An Introduction to Language and Communication), p.274.

(11) The Story Of Language, p.51.

(12) Finegan, Edward: Language (Its Structure and Use), America: Wadsworth (A part of the Thomson Corporation), (2004), p.15.

(13) The Story of Language, p.54.

(۱۴) احتشام حسین، سیّد: ہندوستانی لسانیات کا خاکہ ، لکھنوٴ : دانش محل، ( ۱۹۶۳ء)، ص ۱۲۳ تا ۱۲۸۔

(15) Victoria Fromkin, Robert Rodman, Nina Hyams, Peter Collins, Mengistu Amberber: An Introduction To Language, Australia: Nelson Thomson learning Pty limited, (2005), p.401.

(16) Language (Its Structure and Use), p.363.

(17) Vant, Sturte: Linguistic Change, Chicago, (1961), p.146.

(۱۸) معین الدین : اردو زبان کی تدریس، نئی دہلی: قومی کونسل برائے فروغِ اردو، ( ۱۹۸۳ء)، ص۱۳۔

(19) An Introduction To Language, p.409.

(20) Linguistics (An Introduction to Language and Communication), p.281.

(21) The Story Of Language, p.62.

(۲۲) شانتی رنجن بھٹا چاریہ : بنگال کی زبانوں سے اردو کا رشتہ (ایک لسانی مطالعہ)، لکھنوٴ: نصرت پبلی شرز ، ( ۱۹۸۸ء) ، ص۲۶

(۲۳) جین ، ڈاکٹر گیان چند: عام لسانیات، نئی دہلی: قومی کونسل برائے فروغِ اردو، (۱۹۸۵ء)، ص۲۹۔

How to cite

But, F. (2022). زبان اور بولی. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, 90(3), 169–180. https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page

Retrieved from https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page

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ACM SIG Proceedings
[1]But, F. 2022. زبان اور بولی. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE. 90, 3 (Sept. 2022), 169–180.
ACS Nano
(1)But, F. زبان اور بولی. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE 2022, 90 (3), 169–180.
ABNT
BUT, Faiza. زبان اور بولی. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, v. 90, n. 3, p. 169–180, 1 Sept.2022.
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But, F. (2022) “زبان اور بولی”, ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, 90(3), pp. 169–180. Available at: https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page (Accessed: 14 May 2026).

            

                    
IEEE

            

                
[1]F. But, “زبان اور بولی”, ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, vol. 90, no. 3, pp. 169–180, Sept. 2022, Accessed: May 14, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page

            

                    
MLA

            

                
But, Faiza. “زبان اور بولی”. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, vols. 90, nos. 3, Sept. 2022, pp. 169–180, https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page.

            

                    
Turabian (full note bibliography)

            

                
But, Faiza. “زبان اور بولی”. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE 90, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 169–180. Accessed May 14, 2026. https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page.

            

                    
Vancouver

            

                
1.But F. زبان اور بولی. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE [Internet]. 2022 Sept. 1 [cited 2026 May 14];90(3):169–180. Available from: https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page

            

                    
AMA

            

                
1.But F. زبان اور بولی. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE. 2022;90(3):169–180. Accessed May 14, 2026. https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/63107e37cda38/page

            

            






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Author(s):



    

        

        
            
Faiza But

        
        Lecturer in Urdu
    

    
Kinnaird College, Lahore

    
Pakistan

    
    
    


    
Details:





    

        
        

            Type:
            Article
        

        

            Volume:
            90
        

        

            Issue:
            3
        

        

            Language:
            Urdu
        

        

            Id:
            63107e37cda38
        

                

            Pages
            169 - 180
        

                        

            Published
            September 30, 2015
            
        

        
    


        

        

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