- ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, Vol # 90, Issue # 3
- زبان اور بولی
زبان اور بولی
- Faiza But/
- September 30, 2015
LANGUAGE AND DIALECT AN ANLYTICAL STUDY
Keywords
In linguistics, one of the most difficult issues is how to draw a clear line between a language and a dialect. Dialects are mutually intelligible forms of a language which differ to one another in certain grammatical rules and pronunciations. This criterion works to a large extent but sometimes it is not easy to differentiate between the two and a clear cut distinction evades the researchers. An effort has been made to show the complexity of this issue and tried to solve it accordingly through the article.
(۱) فرمان فتح پوری ، ڈاکٹر : قومی زبان اور دیگر پاکستانی زبانیں ، اسلام آباد : مقتدرہ قومی زبان ، (۱۹۸۶ء)، ص ۵۔
(2) Baker, Anne E., Hengeveld, Kees: Linguistics, UK: Wiley-Blackwell publishing, (2012), p.361.
(3) Crystal, David: The Cambridge Encyclopedia Of Language (2nd Ed.), Islamabad: National book foundation, (1962), p.24.
(4) Crystal, David: A Dictionary Of Linguistics And Phonetics, USA:
Blackwell publishing, (1997), p.217.
(5) Adrin Akmajian, Richard A. Demers, Ann K. Farmer, Robert M. Harnish: Linguistics (An Introduction to Language and Communication), New Delhi: PHI learning Private limited, (2012), p.278.
(6) Linguistics, p.365.
(7) Pei, Mario: The Story Of Language, New York: The New American Library,(1965), p.51.
(8) Linguistics, p.364.
(9) The Story of Language, p.51.
(10) Linguistics (An Introduction to Language and Communication), p.274.
(11) The Story Of Language, p.51.
(12) Finegan, Edward: Language (Its Structure and Use), America: Wadsworth (A part of the Thomson Corporation), (2004), p.15.
(13) The Story of Language, p.54.
(۱۴) احتشام حسین، سیّد: ہندوستانی لسانیات کا خاکہ ، لکھنوٴ : دانش محل، ( ۱۹۶۳ء)، ص ۱۲۳ تا ۱۲۸۔
(15) Victoria Fromkin, Robert Rodman, Nina Hyams, Peter Collins, Mengistu Amberber: An Introduction To Language, Australia: Nelson Thomson learning Pty limited, (2005), p.401.
(16) Language (Its Structure and Use), p.363.
(17) Vant, Sturte: Linguistic Change, Chicago, (1961), p.146.
(۱۸) معین الدین : اردو زبان کی تدریس، نئی دہلی: قومی کونسل برائے فروغِ اردو، ( ۱۹۸۳ء)، ص۱۳۔
(19) An Introduction To Language, p.409.
(20) Linguistics (An Introduction to Language and Communication), p.281.
(21) The Story Of Language, p.62.
(۲۲) شانتی رنجن بھٹا چاریہ : بنگال کی زبانوں سے اردو کا رشتہ (ایک لسانی مطالعہ)، لکھنوٴ: نصرت پبلی شرز ، ( ۱۹۸۸ء) ، ص۲۶
(۲۳) جین ، ڈاکٹر گیان چند: عام لسانیات، نئی دہلی: قومی کونسل برائے فروغِ اردو، (۱۹۸۵ء)، ص۲۹۔
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Author(s):
Faiza But
Lecturer in UrduKinnaird College, Lahore
Pakistan
Details:
| Type: | Article |
| Volume: | 90 |
| Issue: | 3 |
| Language: | Urdu |
| Id: | 63107e37cda38 |
| Pages | 169 - 180 |
| Published | September 30, 2015 |
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Copyrights
| Creative Commens International License |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.