Oriental College Magazine, Punjab University - Lahore
Logo

ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE

Principal Oriental College, University of the Punjab, Lahore
ISSN (print): 1991-7007
ISSN (online): 2789-4657

عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر

  • Abdul Shakoor Shakir/
  • Arifa Iqbal/
  • June 28, 2022
FORMATIVE SOURCES OF ‘ARŪZ
Keywords
Khalīl bin Aḥmad, ‘Arūz, Nizam al-Auzan, Tashkīl, Tadvīn, ‘Avamil, Maṣadir
Abstract

There are a few basic factors for the formation of ‘Arūz which are supportive in the understanding of basics of Arūz. This article is a   study of those factors and sources which proved helpful to Khalīl bin Aḥmad in the formation of metrical system. First, motivational sources of ‘Arūz; second, natural source of ‘Arūz; and third, standardized sources for extraction of ‘Arūz. These historic sources have been analyzed which Khalīl adopted as standard in the formation of ‘Arūz to form a code and made it applicable for poetry.

References

(1)        Saifī Buḵẖāri, ʻArūẓ-i Saifī, (Lahore: Shaikh Mubarak ‘Ali Tajir-i Kutub, 1934), p.4.

(2)        Ibn al-Mu‘tazz, ʻAbd Allāh, Tabaqāt al-Shu‘arā, (Qāhira: Dār al- Ma‘ārif,1986), p.96.

(3)        Saifī Buḵẖārī,ʽArūz-i Saifī, p.4.

(4)        Qadr Bilgarāmī, Qava‘id al-ʻArūz, (Lakhnau: Matba‘ Shām-i Avadh,1288Ah), p.15.

(5)        Ḥamzah ibn al-Ḥasan Isfahānī, Al-Tanbīh ʻAla Hudūs̱ al-Taṣḥīf, (Beirut: Dār al-Ṣadir,1992), p.124.

(6)        Ibn-i Ḵẖallikān, Vafayāt al-Aʻyān, (Qum: Manshūrāt al-Raẓī,1364 A.H), v.2, p.245.

(7)        Qadr Bilgarāmī, Qava‘id al-ʻArūz, p.16.

(8)        JābirʻAli Sayyid, Lisānī-o-ʻArūẓī Maqālāt, (Islamabad: Muqtadirah Qaumī Zabān,1989), p.147.

(9)        Ibn-i Ḵẖallikān, Vafayāt al-Aʻyān, v.2, p.245.

(10)    Maulavī Muḥammad Shafīʻ, Ḵẖalīl bin Aḥmad kī ʻAz̤īm al-Shān Shakhṣiyat, Maqālāt-i Maulavī Muḥammad Shafīʻ (Lahore: Majlis-i Tarraqi-i Adab,2007), v.3,  p.380.

(11)      Jābir ʻAli Sayyid, Lisānī-o-ʻArūẓī Maqālāt, p.148.

(12)      Al-Bayhaqī, Abū Bakr Aḥmad bin Ḥusain, Dalāyil al-Nubuvvah, (Beirut: Dar al-kutub al-Ilmiyya, 1988), v.2, p.199.

(13)      Rāzī, Shams Qais, Al-Muʻjam fī Maʻayīr-i Ash‘ār al-‘Ajam, (Tehrān: Matba’ Majlis,1314), p.20.

(14)      Jābir ʻAli Sayyid, Lisānī-o-ʻArūẓī Maqālāt, p.148.

(15)      Faqīr, Shams al- Dīn, Hadāyiq al-Balag̱ẖat, (Lakhnau: Matba’ Munshī Fakhr al-Din,1302Ah), p.88.

(16)      Rāzī, Shams Qais, Al-Muʻjam fī Maʻayīr Ash ̒ār al-‘Ajam, p.27.

(17)      Al-Jauharī, Ismāīl bin Ḥammād,ʻArūẓ al-Varaqa, (Arẓ-i Rūm: Jāmi ̔a Atā Turk,1994), p.2.

(18)      Safadī, Ḵẖalīl Bin Aibak, G̣ḥais̱ al-Musajjam, (Qāhira: Maktaba al-Azhariyya,1305Ah), v.1, p.30.

(19)      ibid.

(20)      Qadr Bilgarāmī, Qava‘id al-ʻArūz, p.5.

(21)      Javād ʻAlī, Al-Mufaṣṣal fī Tārīkh al-‘Arab Qabl al- Islām, (Bag̱ẖdād: Jamia Bag̱ẖdād, 1993), v.9, p.211.

(22)      Khanlari, Parvez Nātil, Vazn-i Sheʻr-i Farsī, (Tehrān: Intishārāt-e Tūs, 1367Ah), pp.88,89.

(23)      Al-Bairūnī, Abū Raihān, Taḥqīq mā lil-Hind, (Beirut: ʻĀlam-al Kutub, 1983), pp. 95-106.

(24)      Javād ʻAlī, Al-Mufaṣṣal fī Tārīkh al-Arab Qabl al- Islām, v.9, p.199.

(25)      ibid, v.9, p.202.

 

How to cite

Shakoor Shakir, A., & Iqbal, A. (2022). عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, 97(2), 117–138. https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page

Retrieved from https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page

More citation formats
ACM SIG Proceedings
[1]Shakoor Shakir, A. and Iqbal, A. 2022. عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE. 97, 2 (June 2022), 117–138.
ACS Nano
(1)Shakoor Shakir, A.; Iqbal, A. عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE 2022, 97 (2), 117–138.
ABNT
SHAKOOR SHAKIR, Abdul; IQBAL, Arifa. عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, v. 97, n. 2, p. 117–138, 29 June2022.
Chicago (author-date)

            

                    
Harvard (Cite Them Right)

            

                
Shakoor Shakir, A. and Iqbal, A. (2022) “عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر”, ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, 97(2), pp. 117–138. Available at: https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page (Accessed: 26 May 2026).

            

                    
IEEE

            

                
[1]A. Shakoor Shakir and A. Iqbal, “عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر”, ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, vol. 97, no. 2, pp. 117–138, June 2022, Accessed: May 26, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page

            

                    
MLA

            

                
Shakoor Shakir, Abdul, and Arifa Iqbal. “عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر”. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE, vols. 97, nos. 2, June 2022, pp. 117–138, https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page.

            

                    
Turabian (full note bibliography)

            

                
Shakoor Shakir, Abdul, and Arifa Iqbal. “عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر”. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE 97, no. 2 (June 29, 2022): 117–138. Accessed May 26, 2026. https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page.

            

                    
Vancouver

            

                
1.Shakoor Shakir A, Iqbal A. عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE [Internet]. 2022 June 29 [cited 2026 May 26];97(2):117–138. Available from: https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page

            

                    
AMA

            

                
1.Shakoor Shakir A, Iqbal A. عروض کےتشکیلی مصادر. ORIENTAL COLLEGE MAGAZINE. 2022;97(2):117–138. Accessed May 26, 2026. https://ocm.pu.edu.pk/website/journal/article/62bc013f9413d/page

            

            






    Download citation
    Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
    BibTeX



                        

                        

                                

                        

                    

                

            


            

                

    
Author(s):



    

        

        
            
Abdul Shakoor Shakir

        
        Assistant Professor of Urdu
    

    
Govt. College Satellite Town, Gujranwala

    
Pakistan

    
            
    
                            
  • 
                    
                    abdulshakoor3454@gmail.com
                
    • 
                                    
        

    
    

    

        

        
            
Arifa Iqbal

        
        Associate Professor of Urdu
    

    
IULL, University of the Punjab, Lahore

    
Pakistan

    
            
    
    


    
Details:





    

        
        

            Type:
            Article
        

        

            Volume:
            97
        

        

            Issue:
            2
        

        

            Language:
            Urdu
        

        

            Id:
            62bc013f9413d
        

                

            Pages
            117 - 138
        

                        

            Published
            June 28, 2022
            
        

        
    


        

        

            Statistics
        

        

            

                
                

                        
    
                            
  • 
                                 146
                            
    • 
                            
  • 
                                 97
                            
    • 
                            
  • 
                                 213
                            
    • 
                        

                    

                
            

        

    

    
    

        
    

                

            

                Copyrights
            

            

                

                    
                    

                            Creative Commens International License
                        

                    
                

            

        

                Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.